Rock Dove (Feral Pigeon).
Photo: R Major © Australian Museum
Rock Doves (Feral Pigeons).
Photo: R Major © Australian Museum
Distribution map of Columba livia
Map © Birds Australia Birdata
Rock Dove
Scientific name: Columba livia
Family: Columbidae
Order: Columbiformes
- Featured Bird Groups
- Birds behaving badly
- Introduced birds
What does it look like?
Description
Australian Rock Doves, also known as Feral Pigeons, are descended from the Rock Pigeon, found in Europe and Asia. Many plumage variants have been developed by selective breeding over the years and the most common colours of feral birds are a mixture of grey, black, white and brown, with purple and green sheens.
Similar species
At close range, the Rock Dove cannot be mistaken for any other bird. Distant flocks may be confused with those of the slightly larger Topknot Pigeon, Lopholaimus antarcticus, or the White-headed Pigeon, C. leucomela. Dead Rock Doves washed up on beaches are often mistaken for seabirds.
Where does it live?
Distribution
The Rock Dove is native to Europe, Africa and Asia. In Australia, the Rock Dove has not ventured far from human settlement, being found in large numbers in capital cities and larger towns, with the exception of Darwin.
Habitat
In its native range, the Rock Dove prefers open agricultural areas. Wild birds have been largely swamped by the great numbers of feral individuals. These feral populations are closely associated with human settlement in many countries throughout the world.
What does it do?
Feeding
Although it is mainly a seed-eater, the Rock Dove will sample most scraps. In city streets and parks, birds are seen pecking at the ground in a never-ending search for food.
Breeding
Nesting sites are situated along coastal cliff faces, as well as the artificial cliff faces created by apartment buildings with accessible ledges or roof spaces. Rock Doves nest in large colonies which quickly deface buildings with their droppings.
Living with us
Living with humans
Rock Doves nest in large colonies which can deface buildings with their droppings.
References
Crome, F. and Shields, J. 1992. Parrots and Pigeons of Australia. Angus and Robertson/National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife, Sydney.