hollow logs

Distribution and habitat[edit] By a nest in a saguaro cactus in Arizona House Sparrows perching on a roof, during winter in the Southern Alps of New Zealand The House Sparrow originated in the Middle East and spread, along with agriculture, to most of

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Eurasia and parts of North Africa.[68] Since the mid-nineteenth century, it has reached most of the world, due chiefly to deliberate introductions, but also through natural and shipborne dispersal.[69] Its introduced range encompasses most of North America, Central America, southern South America, southern Africa, part of West Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and islands throughout the world.[70] It has greatly extended its range in northern Eurasia since the 1850s,[71] and continues to do so, as was shown by the colonisations around 1990 of Iceland and Rishiri Island, Japan.[72] The extent of its range makes it the most widely distributed wild bird on the planet.[70] Introductions[edit] The House Sparrow has become highly successful in most parts of the world where it has been introduced. This is mostly due to its early adaptation to living with humans, and its adaptability to a wide range of conditions.[73][74] Other factors may include its robust immune response, compared to the Eurasian Tree Sparrow.[75] Where introduced, it can extend its range quickly, sometimes at a rate of over 230 kilometres (140 mi) per year.[76] In many parts of the world it has been characterized as a pest, and poses a threat to native birds.[77][78] A few introductions have died out or been of limited success, such as those to Greenland and Cape Verde.[79] The first of many successful introductions to North America occurred when birds from England were released in New York City, in 1852.[80][81] The House Sparrow now occurs from the Northwest Territories to southern Panama,[3] and it is one of the most abundant birds in North America.[77] The House Sparrow was first introduced to Australia in 1863 at Melbourne and is common throughout the eastern part of the continent,[79] but has been prevented from establishing itself in Western Australia, where every House Sparrow found in the state is killed.[82] House Sparrows were introduced in New Zealand in 1859, and from there reached many of the Pacific islands, including Hawaii.[83] In southern Africa birds of both the European subspecies domesticus and the Indian subspecies indicus were introduced around 1900. Birds of domesticus ancestry are confined to a few towns, while indicus birds have spread rapidly, reaching Tanzania in the 1980s. Despite this success, native relatives such as the Cape Sparrow also occur in towns, competing successfully with it.[79][84] In South America, it was first introduced near Buenos Aires around 1870, and quickly became common in most of the southern part of the continent. It now occurs almost continuously from Tierra del Fuego to the fringes of Amazonia, with isolated populations as far north as coastal Venezuela.[79][85][86] Habitat[edit]

more info here:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Sparrow